Method of separating fat.



M. LOEB.

METHOD OF SEPAHATING FAT.

APPLIBATION man JAN. 22. 1917.

Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

UNITED STATES PATENT orFIoE.

MAURICE LOEB, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS ASSIGNOR TO NATIONAL SANITARY SERVICE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

METHOD or SEPARATING FAT.

Original application filed December 27,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 14, 1917.

1915, Serial NIL-68,951. Divided and this application filed January 22,1917. Serial No. 143,587.

To all whom itmag concern: ,a the quiescent body ofliquid and may then Be it known that I, MAURICE Lose, a be withdrawn from time" to time as itaccu citizen of the United States, residing at lnulates. The arrangement is such that the Chicago, in the county of Cook and State current of liquid flowing along the bottom 5 of Illinois, have invented certain new and ofthe'quiescent pool is progressively acceluseful Improvements in Methods of Sepaera. ed as to speed whereby separation is faa0 rating Fat, 'of which the following is a cilltated.

specification. Vhlle the ll'l'lPlOYt-ld invention is inde- The m ention has to do with the recovery pendent of any particular form of appara- O offat held in suspension and more particutus for carrying out the same, I have, in larly its recovery from slaughter house reforder that the invention may be more readuse liquid. ily understood, chosen to describe the same i In fat-suspending liquids of this characm COI1 I1eCt1OI1' W1tl1 one form of apparatus tcr there is often a considerable amount of by which it maybe carried out, and for this i sediment which if allowed to remain in conpurpose have selected that form of apparatact with the fat, causes fermentation and t-usdlsclosed in my co-pending application, discoloration of the fat, increasing the Seilal No.- G8 ,951, filed December- 27, 1915, amount of fatty acid therein and furtherand of which "application the present is a more the fat has a tendency to become ran,- d1\'1s1on. In such accompanying drawcid if allowed to remain for any considergS bl l gth f time in stale water. Flgure 1 1s a perspective view of such The invention, therefore, reaches to the apparatus; I D i ln'eliminary step of separating from the F 1g. 21s a vertical longitudinal section of fat-containing liquid such sediment as may g; J i r b r i d th by, a d t th d i fi 1 1g. 3 1s a horizontal longitudinal section or removal of the fat after its separation taken on the l ne 33,"I 1g. 2; 30 i from the liquid, p Fig. '1} IS a similar section on the lme H The invention is characterized, generally F1 2. I r v speaking, by the introduction of the fat- Iieferrmg to the drawings, Figs. 1 and 2, t i i li id t a o l or b d f th '1 is the fat-recovery tank shown in its preliquid, the incoming liquid being discharged e em od n e t, d 2 1S tl1e sed1ment- 35 under some considerable pressure against a pllect ng tank, preferably used in connecdefiector preferably upwardly inclined tolon with the fat-recovery tank, to separate ward an outlet, the introduction of the fatmos If no l Of the Sednnent before the containin liquid in this manner causing fatty liquid reaches tank 1. These tanks an ebullition of the same and a lowering of are preferably arranged to be located bel the pressure due to its distribution over 9, Heath the floor so that their tops are flush larger area thus permittingthe solid matter with the floor, t C 3 and or sediment to be precipitated into the lower stlt tlng gratings in the floor. The tanks portion of the pool while the liquid with its may be-located in a suitable pit or room he i lighter fat content is discharged from said low the floor so as to permit access around Q: pool into a second pool or quiescent body of the'same. t j the liquid. The liquid is introduced to the The tank 1 consists of an upper portion 5 second pool at the upper level thereof against of relatively large horizontal sectional area,

i L deflector by which it is directed downward and of a lower portion 6 which is narrower )eneath the surface of the pool and then than the upper portion and gradually dealong the bottom of the overlying quiescent creases in width toward the extreme bottom A lody'of liquid toward an outlet, the liquid ofthe tank which terminates in an apex at i lowin upward to the outlet and isolated 7. The object of the construction shown is rom tie main body of liquid in the second to provide an upper portion of relatively i001 by a partition wall, whereby during large capacity as compared with the lower portion, forthe purpose of holding a rela-' tively large'volume of fat-containing liquid substantially quiescent. notwithstandin the V be progress of the current of liquid along he bottom, the fat rises because of the dif erence in gravity to the upper portion of bottom of the tank is very narrow a; the

through and along the bottom of the tank to the exit end so as to take out any foul liqu d at'the bottom contan'ung any sediment or solid matter that may not have collected in the Sediment tank, or which will be in the liquid in large quantity if the sediment tank is not used. It is also desir- .able that the total capacity of the tank shall progressively increase from the inlet, whereby to provide a larger volume of relatively quiescent liquid above the underlying current, the quiescent body of liquid deepening toward the outlet and also widening upwardly so that the upward movement of the fat therein shall gradually become slower as the cross section increases. To this end,

the tank is constructed much deeper at the exitv end than at the entrance end, and the exit .end and widens out as it extends upwardly toward the shallower entrance end. In the form of apparatus shown, this'is accomplished. by providing bottom wall 8, as

.shown inFig. 3, extending upwardly from the bottom of the exitend to the entrance end and flaring outwardly, and by provid-- ing side Walls 9, 9 diverging upwardly from the bottom wall of the tank to the side walls of the upper portion of the tank. This construction provides a narrow channel on-the bottom of the tank to cause a substantial current of the liquid to How therethrough.

The upper portion of the tank 1 at its en-- trance end, is provided with an inlet -opening 10 communicating with an outlet opening 11 in the sediment tank, when one is used; and at its opposite end, thisupper portion is provided with an outlet 12 which, in the form shown, is on a level with the inlet 10. The tank 1 is also provided with a suitable discharge passage extending from the lower portion of the tank upwardly to the outlet opening, and in the present form of the invention, this discharge opening is formed integrally with the tank in a projection 13, with a partition 14 dividing the same from the rest of the tank, except for the communca-tion at the bottom. This exit passage is provided 'with a suitable handoperated gate valve 15, the function of which is to close the outlet at any time so.

as to cause van increased height of liquid within the tank 1, and hence cause any fat that may collect on top of the. same to automatically flow out of the tank, preferably through openings 16 arranged in a V outline, or in any other suitable outline, so 7 partition 14: or otherwise contracting any wall or walls of the discharge passage into whatever form they may be constructed.

The tank 1 is also provided with adrain pipe and valve 17 to clean-out the bottom of the same in case of any trouble, and with a baflie plate 18 arranged across the,

upper portion of the tank in front of the inlet opening 10, this baffle plate having a projection '19 preferably V-shaped' in horizontal section; The batiie plate extends'below the inlet opening, and, as constructed, performs the double function of spreading the incoming current of liquid laterally and causing it to flow downwardly soas not to unduly disturb the quiescent stratum of fat containing liquid in the upper portion of the tank behind the baffle plate on which the fat. is being accumulated.

' In the more complete and perfect form of .the intention, the sediment-collecting tank 2 is used in conjunction with the fat-recov' ery tank, and in its preferred form, it con sists of two portions, an upper portion 2| and a lower portion 22. The upper portion 21 has at one end the afore-meutioned outlet opening 11 fitting the opening 10 to the. fat-recovery tank, and at its opposite end an inlet opening 23 located somewhat below the line of the outlet opening, for the purpose hereinafter described. The length o the upper portion between said openings 11 and 23 is preferably relatively short, while the length of the lower portion 22 is'madfl longer to give the lower portion greater citpacity, and the extended end of the low portion forms a ledge or shelf 24 for sup porting the adjacent bottom wall. of the fat-recovery tank. The lower portion of the tank 2 is the portion in which the sediment is collected. and for'the purpose of readily removing the sa1ne,'I provide oneor mo e troughs 25 into which the 'sediment'or solid matter is precipitated, and these may be lifi' 'ed out of the top of the tank by suitable means; and to enable them to be lifted with out suction or interference one with the other. their side walls 26 are tapered (low/\- wardly and inwardly. The bottom wall of i of the inlet opening upwardly to the bottom order to lift the troughs i also provided with a detachable cover 3- the sediment tank 27 is inclined toward a drain pipe and valve 28.

ration of the fat therefrom; and that the fat which gathers on top of this liquid 15 In order to precipitate the sediment from "kept free of the sediment which would cause the fat-containing liquid. within the tank 2 and cause the fat-containing liquid to flow into the fat-recovery tank after the sediment or solid matter has been precipitated, I provide abaflle or deflector plate 29-within the upper portion of the sediment tank arranged across the same intermediate the inlet and outlet openings and inclinedfrom the bottom of the outlet opening, so that as the liquid is discharged against this plate, itstr1kes the same, causing the sediment or. solid matter to be precipitated into the lower portion of the tank while the liquid thus freed of the sediment is deflected by the'inclined surface of the plate through the opening into the tank 1. This plate is supported on lugs 30, 30 from which it may be lifted in having drain openings 32- on its forwardend through which the washings of the floor or other liquid containing fat maybe swept or flushed," these openings being in alinement with the front end of the deflector plate to allow the liquidto enter the sedi- -ment tank at a point where the solid matter therein can settle in the tank 2 while the fat is deflected into the fat-recovery tank.

The operation of the apparatus just described in the carrying out ofthe invention is as follows:

As the liquid is discharged from the inlet pipe 23 into. the tank 2, it strikes thebafile plate, causing the heavy sediment or solid matter, or a large portion of the same, to be precipitated into the relatively quiescent volume of water in the lower part of the tank 2, from which it settles into the buckets or troughs 25, the fat-containing liquid at the same time being deflected and caused to flow through the opening between the tanks into the fat-recovery tank, where it strikes the V-shaped projection of the bafile plate '18, causing the liquid to be spread laterally and at the same time deflected downwardly. 'As the liquid passes below the baflle plate flowing slowly, the fat rises into the relatively quiescent body behind-the 'bafiie plate, "while the heavier liquid within the tank 1 is caused to flow withacceleration down the narrowing bottom portion of the tank and up through the discharge passage and outlet.

The current at the apex of the tank 1 is sufflcientto take out sediment that may collect at that point. t

It will thus be seen that the process may be carried out continuously until it is' desired to remove the sediment from the troughs, and that the liquid in the upper portion of the fat-recovery tank is main tained substantially quiescent for the sepa- Thetank waste fat-carrying liquids which COIISIStS 1n main'taining a quiescent body of the liquid,

and dischargin fermentation, and is kept from becoming rancid by reason of the fact that as the fat 1s separated from the liquid, such liquid is carried off in the current flowing through the bottom of the tank. The invention has proven highly efficient, both 1n the percentage of fat recovery fromfat-containing liquid and in the freshness of the same and the small percentage of fatty acids therein.

I claim:

the same, whereby the fat may separate by l gravity in the uiescent area and the waste be drawn 01f be ow.

2. The method of recovering fat from and causin a'transverse current of the fatcarrying l quid to flow with progressively accelerating speed beneath and in contact with the superposed quiescent body, whereby the fat may separate by gravity in the quiescent area and the waste be drawn olf below.

3. The method of recovering fat from fatcarrying liquids which consists in maintaining a progressively deepening and upwardly widening quiescent body of the liquid, in.- troducing to said body a current of fatcarrying liquid, deflecting the flow 'down-' wardly and along the bottom of said body the liquid current by an upward flow iso ated from said body, whereby the fat may be'separated by gravity in the quiescent area and the liquid vehicle be removed from below. 4. The method of recovering fat from fatcarrying liquids which consists in maintaining a quiescent body of the liquid, and introducing to said body near the upper portion thereof a current of fat-carrying liquid, deflecting the flow downwardly and along the bottom ofsaid body with progressive acceleration and discharging the liquid current at substantially the level of the quies cent body by an upward flow isolated from said body, whereby the fat may separate by gravity in the quiescent area.

5. The method of recovering fat from fat-- carrying liquids which consists in maintaining a relatively largeprogressively deepening and upwardly widening quiescent body of the liquid, introducing tosaid body near the upper portion thereof a current of fat-- carrying liquid, deflecting the flow down- Wardly and along the bottom of said body with progressive acceleration and discharging the liquid current t substantially the quiescent pool and deflecting the same toward the out-- let above the main body of the pool whereby to permit any sediment to deposit by gravity, and secondly in maintaining a second quiescent body of the liquid and introducing to said body the outflow of liquid from the first pool of fat-carrying liquid and causing the liquid so introduced to flow. beneath and in contact with the superposed quiescent body, whereby the fat may separate by gravity in the quiescent area and the liquid vehiclebe removed fro1n"'bel0w.

7 The method of recovering fat from fatcarr in li uids which consists in first main taming a pool of the liquidhaving an inlet and an outlet, introducing-the liquid to said pool and deflecting the same toward, the outlet above the main body of the pool whereby to permit anysediment to deposit jg-raw ity, andfsecondly in maintaining a second quiescent body of the liquid; and introducing to said bodythebutfiow;of liquid from the first pool and causing the liquid'so introduced to flow ith, progressively accelcrating speed beneath-and in contact with the superposed quiescent body, whereby the fat may separate by gravity in the quiescent area. i

8. The method of recovering fat from fat carrying liquids which consists in first maintaining a pool of the liquid having an inlet and an outlet, introducing the liquid below the outlet and deflecting the samettoward the outlet above the main body of the pool, whereby'topermit any' sediment to deposit by gravity, and secondly in maintainin a second quiescent body of the liquid and introducing to said quiescent body near the upper portion thereof the outflow from the first pool, directing the liquid so introduced downwardly and along the bottom of said charging the liquid current atsubstantially the level of the quiescent body by an up: ward flow isolated from said body, whereby the fat may separate by gravity in the quiescent. area.

9. The method ofrecovering fat from fat carrying liquids which consists in maintain.- ing a relatively large progressively deepening and upwardly widening quiescent body of-the liquid, introducing to said body near the-upper portionthereof a-current of fatcarrying liquid, deflecting the flow downwardly and'along the bottom of said body with progressive acceleration and discharging the liquid current at substantially the level of the quiescent body by an u ward flow isolated from said body, where y'the fat may separate by gravity in the quiescent area, and removin the accumulated fat from time'to' time om the surface of the quiescent body of liquid.

:In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in. the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. I

' MAURICE LOEB. Witnesses:

Amour B. STRATTON, E. E. WILEY.

1 body with progressive acceleration and dis 

